The core concept of traditional mold pressing: relying on customized rigid molds, the sheet metal undergoes plastic deformation in the mold cavity through cold stamping, completely replicating the preset shape, which belongs to the typical "mold shaping" process. Main application: Mass production of standardized sheet metal parts such as automotive coverings, home appliance casings, and electronic chassis. Technical features: After the mold is completed, the production efficiency is extremely high, the batch product consistency is good, and the repeatability accuracy is stable. During the cold working process, the material undergoes work hardening, and the overall strength and hardness of the parts increase synchronously. The early stage of mold development has a long cycle and high cost, making it only suitable for large-scale orders, and the economic efficiency of small-scale production is poor. Complex structural parts with reinforcing ribs, complex surfaces, and flanges can be formed in one go.  

The core concept of multi-point flexible forming is to replace the overall rigid mold with a large number of independently adjustable small punch arrays, adjust the height of each punch through numerical control programs, dynamically construct different forming surfaces, and achieve flexible manufacturing of "one set of equipment for multiple shapes". Main applications: Small batch, multi variety complex curved sheet metal parts such as aerospace skins, high-speed rail body curved parts, and architectural irregular decorative panels. Technical features: No need to customize specialized molds, only need to modify the CNC program for production changes, greatly reducing the development cycle of new products. The molding process can adjust parameters in real time to adapt to different thicknesses and materials of sheets. The initial investment in equipment is relatively high, and multiple edge pressing devices need to be used to suppress wrinkling defects during large-scale molding. Especially suitable for the trial production stage and customized orders, significantly reducing the cost of mold opening and trial and error.

The core concept of rolling arc forming is to use multiple sets of rollers that rotate in opposite directions to apply progressive bending force to the continuously moving plate, gradually rolling the plate into circular arcs, cylinders, or conical sections, which belongs to the continuous progressive forming process. Main applications: Long strip arc-shaped sheet metal parts such as ventilation ducts, oil tank barrels, steel structure arc-shaped beams, elevator arc-shaped door panels. Technical features: capable of processing ultra long workpieces, with no welding seams during the forming process, and continuous and smooth arc transitions. The material utilization rate is high, with almost no corner waste, and the production speed is much higher than that of single-stage bending technology. Adjusting the cross-sectional shape only requires changing the roller profile, and the flexibility of changing production is better than that of fixed molds. Only suitable for rotating and equal cross-section curved parts, unable to process irregular parts with complex concave convex features.  

Core concept of welding and splicing: By melting the base material or adding welding materials, multiple scattered sheet metal plates/formed parts are connected into a whole structure, achieving the goal of "combining small-sized plates into large-sized components". Main applications: Large scale composite sheet metal structures such as large equipment racks, construction machinery casings, container bodies, stainless steel water tanks, etc. Technical features: It can break through the size limit of a single sheet and manufacture ultra large components far beyond the size of raw materials. Sheet metal parts of different materials and thicknesses can be reliably connected through welding. Local high temperatures during welding can easily generate uneven residual stresses, which can lead to warping of the plate surface and twisting deformation of the edges and corners. Paired with low heat input processes such as spot welding and laser welding, it can significantly reduce the appearance indentation and subsequent polishing workload.   

The core concept of stretch forming: relying on the edge pressing ring to press the edge of the sheet, pulling the sheet into the concave mold cavity through a convex mold, allowing the material to undergo large-scale plastic deformation under tensile and compressive composite stress, and directly pulling out hollow parts. Main applications: deep cavity hollow sheet metal parts such as automotive fuel tanks, stainless steel cookware, motor casings, battery casings, etc. Technical features: The overall parts have no splicing welds, and the sealing performance and structural strength are much higher than those of bent welded parts. The difficulty of process control lies in the two major defects of wrinkling and tearing, which require precise matching of edge pressure and lubrication conditions. Deep drawn parts require multiple processes to be formed step by step, and the depth of a single stretch is strictly limited by the material's elongation rate. During mass production, the material utilization rate is high, the wall thickness of the parts is uniform, and the impact resistance is excellent.  

The core concept of twisting machine processing is to apply twisting torque to sheet metal members, profiles, or plates through specialized fixtures, allowing the material to undergo controllable twisting deformation within its elastic limit and obtain a preset spiral/twisting angle. Main applications: sheet metal parts with twisting characteristics such as spiral conveyor blades, twisted decorative strips for buildings, irregular swing arms for automobiles, and twisted wing beams for aviation. Technical features: The forming process does not involve cutting or removal of materials, and only changes the spatial angle through plastic torsion, resulting in no loss of material strength. Accurate control of torsional speed and torque is required to avoid material cracking caused by local stress overload. The twisting rebound amount needs to be compensated in advance, and after forming, it is usually accompanied by a static stress relief process to prevent subsequent rebound deformation. Specially suitable for the spatial angle forming of elongated profiles, replacing multi-stage splicing technology to enhance overall rigidity.   

The core concept of spinning processing is to fix the flat billet on the spindle of the spinning machine and rotate it at high speed. By applying continuous local pressure to the rotating plate through the spinning wheel, the billet is gradually rolled into a hollow rotating body part. Main applications: High precision rotating thin-walled parts such as pressure vessel heads, aircraft engine casings, lamp reflectors, aluminum wheels, etc. Technical features: The forming force of local continuous deformation is much lower than that of overall stamping, and small tonnage equipment can process large-sized thick walled parts. The metal fiber structure of the component is continuous and complete, and its strength and wear resistance are more than 30% higher than those of stamped parts of the same material. Only a simple core mold is needed for molding, and the mold cost is much lower than that of deep drawing molds, making it suitable for the production of small and medium-sized rotary parts. The processing objects are mainly axisymmetric rotating bodies, and the processing difficulty and cost of asymmetric irregular parts are high.